Write the Policy Case for Regulating Tricycle Taxis in Secondary Nigerian Cities

Keke napep tricycles are the dominant short-trip transport in dozens of Nigerian cities: Enugu, Benin City, Onitsha, Aba, Kano. They fill the gap that neither buses nor okadas cover well. They are also almost entirely unregulated in practice, which means no licensing standards, no route data, no accountability when accidents happen, and no mechanism for drivers to access credit or insurance. Some states have tried to regulate keke and made things worse: bans that pushed operators underground, registration drives that collapsed because of corruption at the point of enforcement, union-capture that locked out new entrants. The policy problem is real and the failure modes are well documented if you look at the evidence. A credible policy brief has to engage with those failures, not ignore them. Your deliverable is a 1,500 to 2,500 word policy brief addressed to a state ministry of transport in a city of your choice. It should cover: the current operational landscape (routes, pricing, driver demographics, accident data if available), a proposed regulatory framework with specific mechanisms, an analysis of two prior attempts at keke regulation in Nigeria and what went wrong, and a set of implementation conditions that would make your proposal viable. Use publicly available data, news sources, academic papers, and at minimum three interviews or discussions with keke operators or passengers. A strong brief takes a position. It does not hedge everything into meaninglessness. It is written in plain language a policy officer can read in twenty minutes and cite in a memo.