Parrish's four-step decision framework is simple and powerful. Step one: define the problem. Most decisions fail at this stage — people solve the wrong problem with great precision. Ask: what is actually the issue here, and what would count as a good outcome? Step two: explore possible solutions. Force yourself to generate more than one option. If you only have one option, you have a hostage situation, not a decision. Step three: evaluate the options honestly. Apply the same scrutiny to each. Notice which one you are rationalising toward and why. Step four: do it — then learn from it. The learning matters as much as the decision. Every outcome is data. If you do not systematically review your decisions, you cannot improve your decision-making.