Progress happens in two fundamentally different ways. The first is horizontal progress: taking something that works and doing it in more places or at greater scale. Going from one to many. This is expansion, and it is valuable, but it is not creation. The second is vertical progress: doing something no one has done before. Going from zero to one. Creating a new thing, not a better version of an existing thing. The next person to build an operating system like Windows will not be Bill Gates. The next great social network will not be Facebook with a different name. The future belongs to those who create things that have never existed — who go from zero to one rather than one to many.