Propaganda and the Corruption of Language

1 of 5

Squealer is one of the most important characters in Animal Farm. He is not the most powerful pig; that is Napoleon. He is not the most visionary; that was Snowball. His role is propaganda: the management of information to maintain the pigs' control over the other animals. Squealer's key techniques are: Reframing: when the pigs take the milk and apples for themselves, Squealer explains that pigs need these foods for brainwork. The taking is recast as a sacrifice the pigs make for the good of all. The injustice is made to sound like a service. Fear: when any animal questions or hesitates, Squealer asks whether they want Jones to come back. This rhetorical move shuts down debate by framing the alternative to obedience as catastrophic. The fear of what came before makes the current situation feel like the better option, regardless of whether that is actually true. History revision: as the pigs accumulate power and the original principles of Animalism are progressively violated, Squealer insists that the animals are misremembering. Things were always this way. Snowball was always a traitor. The original Commandments always said what they say now. The animals, who cannot read well and cannot trust their own memories against confident official assertions, accept the revised version. Adjustment of the Commandments: the Seven Commandments are literally rewritten at night, with small additions or changes that make the pigs' behaviour technically legal. 'No animal shall drink alcohol' becomes 'No animal shall drink alcohol to excess.' The rules change to accommodate the rulers rather than constraining them. Orwell's argument is that control of language is control of thought. If you can make people use the right words, you can shape what they are able to think.